jointing/gasket materials. creep relaxation. 1 mm thick perforated stainless steel insert. KLINGER Scratch test MEK rub test 10 minKLINGER Dichtungstechnik EN. Gaskets on the basis of graphite are suitable for temperatures between -200 °C and up to 460 °C, and offer resistance against a broad range of chemicals. KLINGER ® graphite laminate PDM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate TSM; KLINGER ® SLS Multi Plus; KLINGER ® graphite laminate XSM; Glimmer Laminates. It is the preferred choice for utilization scenarios such as exhaust pipes, turbines, turbochargers and fuel lines - it can withstand temperatures of up to 900 °C in continuous operation. About us; History; KLINGER Group; News; Products. Skip navigation. It has constant physical properties over complete temperature range. 5 mm, 2. No ageing of the material. KLINGER Milam PSS; Product approvals; General Downloads; Sales partner; Services. transformer gaskets. Klinger AG Egliswil was established in 1980 as the KLINGER groups competence center for high temperature gasket materials made of flexible graphite and mica, as well as for rubber coated steel. Home; Company. Mechanically bonded tanged stainless steel insert; Free of organic resins or toxic risks;This item: Techni Mobili Compact Computer Cart With Storage, Graphite. creep relaxation. Stable physical properties over the whole temperature range. Having a presence in 60 countries all over the world enables us to respond rapidly to whatever challenges may arise. ,Ltd : Thailand sales: +66 85475 1995, +66 3819 6751-4 Export sales: +66 62373 2456, +66 3819 6751-4 E-Mail: [email protected] mm, 3. Focusing its significant experience and expertise, KLINGER Dichtungstechnik has developed a tool to promote and support plant safety in a manner that makes full use of the benefits of the digital and mobile age: "KLINGER Expert", our versatile calculation and gasket selection software, is available for PC platforms as well. ,Ltd . Areas of application Kammprofile Gaskets. Established in 1980 Klinger AG Egliswil, a company of the KLINGER Group is the groups competence center for high temperature gasket materials made of flexible graphite and mica, as well as for rubber coated steel. Tolerances. An asbestos-free sealing material on a basis with perforated 0. ASTM F38 % 12: Adhesive bonding strength. Fiber-reinforced gasket materials. Skip navigation. Optimum combination of synthetic fibres, bonded with NBR. This gasket. Products. Areas of application. thNext to “best in market” certificates and approvals for most of our materials, our quality and environmental management standards are audited on a regular basis. co. 10. KLINGER ® Graphite Laminate XSM is especially suitable for high temperatures up to 550°C. Metallic Gaskets. KLINGER Graphite Laminate PDM. Shim connection Temperature of back plateMax. As a subsidiary of the globally active KLINGER Group, we combine the strength of international research and development with the flexibility of local manufacturing, technical expertise, and support. Suitable for a wide range of applications in the chemical industry. Revolutionary combination of synthetic fibres and different elastomers, bonded in a multi-layer structure. KLINGER Graphite laminate PDM; KLINGER Graphite laminate TSM; KLINGER Graphite laminate XSM; Mica Laminates. 1 mm thick tanged stainless steel insert. In a special process several layers of graphite and stainless-steel foils are joined together without using any adhesives. Search Search Skip navigation Contact EnglishGerman -. Excellent resistance in strongly acidic and alkaline. KLINGER Scratch test MEK rub test 10 minKLINGER Graphite laminate TSM; KLINGER Graphite laminate XSM; Mica Laminates. Jual KLINGER® Graphite Laminate TSM 3mm dengan harga Rp 5000,00 dari Manuel Jaya Berkat. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Maxiprofiles are also often used as an upgrade on applications currently using metal jacketed gaskets due to. Max. Products. About us; History; KLINGER Group; News; Products. Klinger Expert; Material finder; Downloads; Product approvals; News. at. Latest News from KLINGER Dichtungstechnik. Thanks to its high degree of inherent stability this material offers reliability in handling. Multi-directional expanded PTFE. Expansion joints and metal hoses. COMPRESSED FIBRE. Gaskets on graphite basis suitable for temperatures between -200 °C and up to 460 °C Graphit laminate gaskets anti-stick finish easy to remove from the flange. Klinger AG Egliswil, Webereistrasse 1, CH–5704 Egliswil, phone: +41 (0)62 769 30 30, fax: +41 (0)62 769 30 33 web: klinger-ag. Skip navigation. KLINGER ® Graphite Laminate XSM. Klinger Dichtungstechnik GmbH & Co KG: Phone , fax +43 (0)2252-62599-296, KLINGER top-chem 2005: PTFE Sealing material Resistant to strong acids Used in the chemical industry Resistant to cold flow Download Product Data Sheet. Shim connection Temperature of back plateThe more highly compressed pure graphite gasket with two rough sheet metal inserts. KLINGERSIL ® C-4509 is a special high-pressure gasket for highest thermal and mechanical stresses. KLINGER ® top-graph 2000 combines the advantages of fibre-reinforced gaskets with the key features of flexible graphite. 05mm thin smooth sheet metal foil made of 1. Additionally to our high quality sealing materials KLINGER Dichtungstechnik offers a lot of services: KLINGER Expert Download area Product approvals etc. ch, mail: marketing@klinger. co. ch, mail: marketing@klinger. 5 mm, 2. Basis. com Jual beli Online dan Direktori Supplier B2B Indotrading KLINGER ® graphite laminate PDM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate TSM;. KLINGER ® Graphite Laminate TSM fulfills TA-Luft requirements and offers safety at high temperatures of up to 450°C. Thanks to the swelling in oil and fuels, it offers an excellent conformity with the flange at low surface loads. 0 mm Chemical resistance chart 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60-150 -100 -50 0°C 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 40 20 0-200 Temperature (˚C) p i bar The area of the P-T diagram 1 In area one, the gasket material is normally suitable subject to chemical compatibility. Home; Company. co. Products. SAFETY DEVICES. Status: June 2016 Rich. RTJs are often used in offshore applications and certain styles can be adapted for subsea installation. KLINGERgraphitelaminate TSM Suitable for TA-Luft applications and offers safety from -200°C up to + 450°C KLINGERgraphite-laminate TSM offers high strength and optimum. Graphite Laminates. KLINGERSIL ® C-4509 is a special high-pressure gasket for highest thermal and mechanical stresses. COMPRESSED FIBRE. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Maxigraph consists of a corrugated metallic core encapsulated by a graphite coating. Suitable for a wide range of applications in the chemical industry. Highest-quality graphite foil used for graphite laminate gaskets. jointing/gasket materials. Order Free Sample. Areas of application. 1. Shim connection Temperature of back plateKLINGER ® Graphite Laminate XSM is especially suitable for high temperatures up to 550°C. 1000 x 1500 mm, 2000 x 1500 mm. KLINGER ® Graphite Laminate XSM is mainly used in the automotive industry as a result of its outstanding oxidation resistance. Klinger Dichtungstechnik GmbH & Co KG: Phone +43 (0)2252-62599-137 , fax +43 (0)2252-62599-296, E-Mail: marketing@klinger. 0 mm Chemical resistance chart 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60-150 -100 -50 0°C 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 40 20 0-200 Temperature (˚C) p i bar The area of the P-T diagram 1 In area one, the gasket material is normally suitable subject to chemical compatibility. KLINGER Milam PSS; Product approvals; General Downloads; Sales partner; Services. 44 kb) Download Full Sheet JPG (68. jointing/gasket materials. Skip navigation. at. PTFE gasket filled with hollow glass-microspheres. Gaskets on the basis of graphite are suitable for temperatures between -200 °C and up to 460 °C, and offer resistance against a broad range of. Products. Downloads. Mica-based sealing material with stainless steel insert Use up to 900°C und higher Resistant to solvents, aggressive acids, alkalis, mineral oils DNV GL approval. jointing/gasket materials. Rich. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. KLINGER Dichtungstechnik comprises static soft gasket materials such as fiber sheets, PTFE, graphite and mica. Gaskets on the basis of graphite are suitable for temperatures between -200 °C and up to 460 °C, and offer resistance against a broad range of chemicals. Next to “best in market” certificates and approvals for most of our materials, our quality and environmental management standards are audited on a regular basis. PTFE Laminate. Home; Company. COMPRESSED FIBRE. Areas of application. 12" 24" x 24" 27" x 27" 40" x 40" 60" x 60" Graphite sheet with. ch. KLINGERSIL ® C-4430plus is a premium-quality, high pressure gasket with outstanding stress relaxation and outstanding resistance to hot water and steam. 1mm thick tanged stainless steel insert. Basis. COMPRESSED FIBRE. The basic material KLINGERSIL ® C-4500 is a Fire Safe grade. EcoVadis Silver medal for KLINGER Dichtungstechnik. PDF) 1103A-33TG2 ElectropaK (PN1782 Jan08 | Asih Windarti - Academia. Home; Company. ,Ltd . to DIN 28091-1. Suitable for use with water and steam at higher temperatures and resistant to oils, hydrocarbons, gases, salt. We manufacture our products on the basis of internationally approved, certified quality and environmental standards. creep relaxation. Established in 1980 Klinger AG Egliswil, a company of the KLINGER Group is the groups competence center for high temperature gasket materials made of flexible graphite and mica, as well as for rubber coated steel. Certificates and Admissions. Our company, in the meantime in the fifth generation as a family-owned enterprise, is still located in Gumpoldskirchen, around 20. COMPRESSED FIBRE. Basis. top-chem 2000soft. Basis. Home; Company. Economical alternative at the usage of filled PTFE gaskets. The adhesive layer is applied via a precisely controlled process, which makes it possible to keep the amount of adhesive below 1% of the amount of graphite in order to ensure uniform distribution of the. jointing/gasket materials. KLINGER ® graphite laminate PSM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate PDM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate TSM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate XSM; KLINGER ® flexible. Klinger (Thailand) Co. Rich. Areas of application. Optimum combination of synthetic fibres, bonded with NBR. Dimensions of the standard sheets. Dimensions of the standard sheets. Shore A ISO 7619-1 : 70-75: Compression: ISO 815-1 % 25-27: Corrosion: EKB 1102: Grade: 0: Storage life (Higher storage temperature and or longer storage. Suited for continuous high-temperature operation up-to 550°C, it is easy to handle, displays good scratch resistance as well as. PTFE filled with inorganic fillers. KLINGER Thailand. Multi-directional expanded PTFE. Areas of application. The adhesive layer is applied via a precisely controlled process, which makes it possible to keep the amount of adhesive below 1% of the amount of graphite in order to ensure uniform distribution of the. Download Swatch JPG (25. COMPRESSED FIBRE. Data protection. Areas of application. Thailand sales: +66 3306 0154-6 Email: [email protected] Export sales: +66 62373 2456, +66 3306 0154 Email: [email protected]Gaskets on the basis of graphite are suitable for temperatures between -200 °C and up to 460 °C, and offer resistance against a broad range of chemicals. 0mm thickness material) PROPERTIES TEST CONDITIONS VALUES Compressibility ASTM F 36 A 33-38% Recovery ASTM F 36 A 13-18% Stress relaxation DIN 52913 50MPa, 16h/300°C min 48MPa Stress relaxation BS 7531 40MPa, 16h/300°C min 38MPa. The material is free from resins, impregnations or other organic compounds. Next to “best in market” certificates and approvals for most of our materials, our quality and environmental management standards are audited on a regular basis. Download TA Luft - VDI2440 - Low Emission Free PDF -. Klinger Expert; Material finder; Downloads;. Home; Company. Established in 1980 Klinger AG Egliswil, a company of the KLINGER Group is the groups competence center for high temperature gasket materials made of flexible graphite and mica, as well as for rubber coated steel. Basis. KLINGER ® top-chem 2005 offers an outstanding performance and a high chemical resistance in strongly acidic applications. The material is free from resins, impregnations or other organic compounds. About us; History; KLINGER Group; News; Products. Skip navigation. Data sheet (pdf) KLINGER®milam PSS is suitable for highest temperatures up to 900°C and higher. Provides excellent adaptability to any sealing surface. co. creep relaxation. Skip navigation. thABOUT US. Gaskets on the basis of graphite are suitable for temperatures between -200 °C and up to 460. GLIMMER Laminates This soft sealing material has been specifically designed to master the rigors of high-temperature sealing applications. The leak rate on 2 mm thick sheet was 9. COMPRESSED FIBRE. KLINGER Dichtungstechnik EN. Next to “best in market” certificates and approvals for most of our materials, our quality and environmental management standards are audited on a regular basis. The basic material KLINGERSIL ® C-4500 is a Fire Safe grade. KLINGERSIL C-4300. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Equipped with an anti-stick finish specifically developed for this purpose, KLINGER graphite-based gasket materials are easy to remove from the flange – even after. Basis Glueless gasket material consisting of impregnated expanded graphite and a 0. KINGERSIL revolutionized the gasket market in 1982 thanks to aramid fibers instead of asbestos. >> Creates a very leakight, reliable seal. Home; Company. Due to the expanded metal reinforcement it offers a high stress capability and is suitable for high bolt loads. 03" - 0. KLINGER Thailand. Economical alternative at the usage of filled PTFE gaskets. Areas of application. The pure graphite gasket with a smooth stainless steel insert. It offers consistent dielectric properties at a higher coefficient expansion than standard FR4. KLINGER ® Quantum is a unique gasket material with highest flexibility at high temperatures. COMPRESSED FIBRE. This results in joints with very high leak-tightness. Products. Areas of application KLINGER ® graphite laminate PDM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate TSM; KLINGER ® SLS Multi Plus; KLINGER ® graphite laminate XSM; Glimmer Laminates. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Bình Hưng Hòa, Q. Basis. Therefore it is free of eventual toxic risks. Glueless gasket material consisting of impregnated expanded graphite and a 0. Recommend us. Imprint. The Maxiprofile style gasket is mainly used in vessel applications where often the gasket width is limited. edu. Graphite and synthetic fibers bonded with NBR. 1mm thick tanged stainless steel insert. Stable physical properties over the whole temperature range. Key features. Thailand sales: +66 3306 0154-6 Email: [email protected] Export sales: +66 62373 2456, +66 3306 0154 Klinger Expert. Basis. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Basis. KLINGER offers a high-quality portfolio of expansion joints and various types of metal hoses. Klinger Dichtungstechnik GmbH & Co KG: Phone , fax +43 (0)2252-62599-296, KLINGER Milam PSS. 1 mm tanged stainless steel insert, KLINGER®Graphite Laminate TSM fully retains its physical. Shim connection Temperature of back plateAs the industry’s preferred partner for the development and production of high-quality Polystrat (rubber-coated metal) and graphite and mica laminates (MILAM) for sealing, shielding and damping applications, our sales and technical support combines unsurpassed material know-how with world-class application expertise. m) at 1 bar of helium. It is fully compliant with the German Technical Instructions on Air Quality Control (TA Luft). to DIN 28091-1. KLINGER ® top-graph 2000 combines the advantages of fibre-reinforced gaskets with the key features of flexible graphite. PTFE gaskets: Our portfolio of soft sealing materials on PTFE Basis outstanding chemical. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Glueless gasket material consisting of impregnated expanded graphite and a 0. PTFE Laminate. Basis. It has been designed to seal on low load applications previously designed for Spiral Wound gaskets such as 150 and also 300lb lines. creep relaxation. jointing/gasket materials. Masuk; Daftar;. Klinger TSM fulfills the TA-Air requirements and offers safety at high temperatures up to 450°C. Areas of application. Tolerances. BasisKLINGER ® milam PSS. Basis. Basis composition. Graphite. KLINGER®milam PSS is suitable for highest temperatures up to 900°C and higher. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Body gaskets for liquids and steams at lower pressures and temperatures and low bolt loads, e. KLINGERSIL ® C-4430 offers outstanding stress retention and resistance to hot water and steam. KLINGER ® top-chem 2003 offers a high adaptability and tightness even at low surface loads. Basis. Basis. The basic material KLINGERSIL ® C-4500 is a Fire Safe grade. Our company, in the meantime in the fifth generation as a family-owned enterprise, is still located in Gumpoldskirchen, around 20. Basis. Basis. KLINGER Scratch test MEK rub test 10 minThe product development of Rich. Shore A ISO 7619-1 IRHD ISO 48 : 70-72 68-70: Rubber to metal bond integrity. 5 mm, 1. Shim connection Temperature of back plateAttention! Your ePaper is waiting for publication! By publishing your document, the content will be optimally indexed by Google via AI and sorted into the right category for over 500 million ePaper readers on YUMPU. Max. creep relaxation ASTM F38 % 12: Rubber hardness. DIN 28090-2: g/cm 3. KLINGER ® magnetic level gauges are particularly suitable for applications featuring toxic or hazardous liquids or gases or whenever an immediate and safe response to a level change is required. Skip navigation. KLINGER ® Quantum is a unique gasket material with highest flexibility at high temperatures. KLINGER ® top-sil ML1 is a special multi-layer gasket material with extended service life and improved flexibility at higher temperatures. Skip navigation. 1. Areas of applicationSkip navigation. Klinger AG Egliswil, Webereistrasse 1, CH–5704 Egliswil, phone: +41 (0)62 769 30 30, fax: +41 (0)62 769 30 33 web: klinger-ag. As a subsidiary of the globally active KLINGER Group, KLINGER Switzerland has been working on researching, developing and. Gasket material based on SBR-bound aramide fibres and anorganic. This material is suitable for the use in oils, water, steam, gases, salt solutions, fuels, alcohols, moderate organic and inorganic. Klinger Dichtungstechnik GmbH & Co KG: Phone +43 (0)2252-62599-137 , fax +43 (0)2252-62599-296, E-Mail: Imprint. 이 재료에는 수지, 함침 또는 기타 유기 화합물이 없습니다. Basis. KLINGER Milam PSS; Product approvals; General Downloads; Sales partner; Services. Basis. COMPRESSED FIBRE. Home; Company. ch , info@klinger. Mechanically bonded tanged stainless steel insert Free of organic resins or toxic. Skip navigation. Home; Company. Order Free Sample. at. Due to the expanded metal reinforcement it offers a high stress capability and is suitable for high bolt loads. Glueless gasket material consisting of expanded graphite and a 0. g. As a subsidiary of the globally active KLINGER Group, we combine the strength of international research and development with the flexibility of local manufacturing, technical expertise, and support. ASTM F38 % 12: Adhesive bonding strength. Stable physical properties over the whole temperature range. Glueless gasket material consisting of a special oxidation protected expanded graphite and a 0. COMPRESSED FIBRE. Graphite laminate gaskets are suitable for temperatures between -200 °C and up to 550 °C, and offer resistance against a broad range of chemicals. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Established in 1980 Klinger AG Egliswil, a company of the KLINGER Group is the groups competence center for high temperature gasket materials made of flexible graphite and mica, as well as for rubber coated steel. SAFT To steel plate °C N/mm: 100 - 150 ≥ 3: Bonding conditions. KLINGER ® graphite laminate SLS; KLINGER ® graphite laminate PSM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate PDM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate TSM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate XSM; Glimmer Laminates. Products. Magnetic level gauges provide perfect visibility and a continuous indication of the level of the medium. m) at 1 bar of helium. jointing/gasket materials. About us; History; KLINGER Group; News; Products. LAMINATE TSM. Optimum combination of synthetic fibers, bonded with NBR. jointing/gasket materials. KLINGER ® graphite laminate PDM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate TSM; KLINGER ® SLS Multi Plus; KLINGER ® graphite laminate XSM; Glimmer Laminates. Skip navigation. Below you can find more product-related Information. Areas of application Focusing its significant experience and expertise, KLINGER Thailand has developed a tool to promote and support plant safety in a manner that makes full use of the benefits of the digital and mobile age: "KLINGER Expert", our versatile calculation and gasket selection software, is available for PC platforms as well as for mobile devices such as. jointing/gasket materials. Stable physical properties over the whole temperature range. Klinger (Thailand) Co. KLINGER® GRAPHITE LAMINATE TSM - Goăng chì tấm Graphite. Home; Company. KLINGER ® milam PSS. 1 mm thick insert of tanged stainless steel and featuring adhesive-free bonding, this gasket material is ideal for hot water and steam applications at temperatures of up to 450 °C, in which it displays no change to its. Home; Company. KLINGER Milam PSS; Product approvals; General Downloads. Areas of application. Basis. Excellent corrosion resistance together with superior sealability create a high-grade gasket material for a wide field of applications in your plant. Made of expanded graphite with an 0. Shore A ISO 7619-1 IRHD ISO 48 : 70-72 68-70: Rubber to metal bond integrity. COMPRESSED FIBRE. Home; Company. About us; History; KLINGER Group; News; Products. This gasket material is suitable for the use in liquids and steam at lower pressure and temperature. The gasket material consists of expanded layers of graphite, which are stuck to a 0. Please calculate 2 plus 7. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. 4401. Skip navigation. Home; Company. Besides the usual requirements like tightness or resilience, in many cases gaskets have to confirm to further more specific specifications. Purity of Graphite: DIN 51903 % > 99. DIN 28090-2: g/cm 3. Max. KLINGERSIL ® C-4300; KLINGERSIL ® C. Shim connection Temperature of back plateKlinger Expert – our versatile gasket calculation software. The material is free from resins, impregnations or other organic. Home; Company. KLINGER® GRAPHITE LAMINATE TSM - Graphite Laminates. The gasket material consists of expanded layers of graphite, wich are stuck to a 0. Glueless gasket material consisting of. KLINGER's wide range of tailored expansion joints and high-quality metal hoses. Basis. COMPRESSED FIBRE. 1mm thick tanged stainless steel insert. Downloads. High-quality fiber and filler compound bonded in a high temperature resistant HNBR-Matrix. 05 mm thick smooth stainless-steel foils. Yelp is a fun and easy way to find, recommend and talk about what’s great and not so great in Victoria and. Skip navigation. KLINGER ® graphite laminate PDM; KLINGER ® graphite laminate TSM; KLINGER ® SLS Multi Plus; KLINGER ® graphite laminate XSM; Glimmer Laminates. Glueless gasket material consisting of impregnated expanded graphite and a 0. Metallic gaskets often utilize a soft sealing medium such as graphite in conjunction with the metal to create a high-strength, high-integrity gasket. At KLINGER we focus on ensuring plant safety. Graphite Laminate PSM is suitable for hot water and steam at high temperatures up to 450°C. Sealing Conference 2023 in Vienna – a groundbreaking event. ASTM F38 % 12: Rubber hardness. Skip navigation. Areas of application. KLINGERSIL ® C-4430plus is a premium-quality, high pressure gasket with outstanding stress relaxation and outstanding resistance to hot water and steam. KLINGER Thailand. KLINGER ® soft-chem brings the sealing technology on a new level and it is the best choice for operating conditions up to 260°C. Steeger Eckhard. The pure graphite gasket material with a stainless steel tang insert. Excellent chemical resistance in strongly acidic and alkaline applications as well as very good properties at medium temperatures and loads. Home; Company. GLIMMER Laminates This soft sealing material has been specifically designed to master the rigors of high-temperature sealing applications. KLINGERSIL ® C-4430 offers outstanding stress retention and resistance to hot water and steam. Due to the expanded metal reinforcement it offers a high stress capability and is suitable for high bolt loads. Dieses Material besteht aus zwei Lagen flexiblen Graphits und einer 0,3 mm dicken, hochtemperaturbeständigen Graphit- und Fasereinlage. KLINGER® Graphite Laminate SLS is especially suitable for weak flanges at high temperatures up to 450°C. Our materials are in service at many leading companies of our key markets on all continents who rely on the quality of our sealing materials every day. jointing/gasket materials. ASTM F38 % 12: Rubber hardness. News; Events; Downloads. KLINGER® Graphite Laminate TSM fulfills the TA-Luft requirements and offers safety at high temperatures up to 450°C. Company. Skip navigation. TA-Luft 요구 사항을 충족하고 최대 450 ° C의 고온에서 안전성을 가집니다.